Article 19 CoI

Enforcement Of Fundamental Rights Including Under Articles 19/21 Against Non- State Actors

The Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Kaushal Kishore vs State of Uttar Pradesh unanimously held that “a fundamental right under Article 19/21 can be enforced even against persons other than the State or its instrumentalities”. The court also observed as follows: The rights conferred by Articles 15(2)(a) and (b), 17, 20(2), 21, 23, …

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